Learning license test questions: practice guide with a free mock test
Learning license test questions are multiple-choice questions on road signs, the central road rules, hand signals and learner duties. On the Sarathi computer test most states set 15 questions and you pass with 9 correct, which is 60 percent. Kerala now uses 30 questions. Practise with the mock test below, then apply on Sarathi and take the test at the RTO or from home.
Key takeaways
- Most states ask 15 questions and need 9 correct; Kerala asks 30 and needs 18.
- Every question comes from the road rules, the Motor Vehicles Act and the road sign chart, so you can prepare from those alone.
- The learner licence fee is Rs 150 per vehicle class and the test fee is Rs 50, before any state service charge.
- Several states let you take the test from home after an Aadhaar face match.
- A learner licence lasts six months; the driving test can be booked after 30 days.
- While on a learner, show a red L plate and keep a licensed driver beside you.
On this page · 38 sections
What are learning license test questions?
Learning license test questions are the multiple-choice questions you answer to get a learner licence (LL). They test whether you know road signs, the central road rules, hand signals and what a learner may and may not do.
Where the questions come from
Each question is drawn from three sources: the road sign chart in the Motor Vehicles Act schedule, the driving regulations made under section 118, and the duties of drivers in the Act itself.
Who has to take the test
Anyone applying for a first licence takes it, whether for a scooter, motorcycle, car or transport vehicle. Holders adding a new class may be exempted by the RTO.
What is LLR and how is it different from an LL?
LLR stands for learner licence registration, the name some states, mainly in the south, use for the learner licence. LL and LLR are the same document. You need it before the driving test for a permanent licence.
Why two names exist
Andhra Pradesh and Telangana long used LLR on their own portals and receipts. Sarathi and most other states print learner’s licence.
LL compared with a permanent licence
How the two stages differ:
| Point | Learner licence (LL / LLR) | Permanent driving licence |
|---|---|---|
| Test | Computer theory test | Practical driving test |
| Validity | 6 months | By age: until 40 if issued under 30 |
| Driving alone | Not in a car; L plate needed | Allowed for the classes shown |
| Next step | Driving test after 30 days | Renewal near expiry |
How many learners test questions are asked, and what is the pass mark?
Most states set 15 learners test questions on the Sarathi screen and you pass with 9 correct, which is 60 percent. Kerala moved to 30 questions with 18 needed from October 2025. Each question stays on screen for about 30 seconds.
Test format by state
| State or system | Questions | Correct answers needed | Time per question |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sarathi standard test | 15 | 9 | About 30 seconds |
| Kerala MVD (from Oct 2025) | 30 | 18 | 30 seconds |
| Other state portals | Set by the state | Usually 60 percent | Shown on screen |
These figures come from press and insurer reports; your test screen shows the exact count.
How scoring works
There is no partial credit. A question you skip or run out of time on counts as wrong.
Which topics do LL test questions cover?
LL test questions fall into six groups: road sign shapes and meanings, keeping left and overtaking, right of way at junctions, hand signals, parking and horn rules, and learner duties such as the L plate.
Topic to rule map
Keep left, overtaking, right of way and hand signals come from the driving regulations. Pillion and helmet rules come from sections 128 and 129 of the Act, accident duties from section 134 and drink driving from section 185.
A note on the rule book
The Rules of the Road Regulations, 1989 were replaced by the Motor Vehicles (Driving) Regulations, 2017, which keep almost all of the same basic rules. Many banks still quote the 1989 numbering.
Learners driving test questions on road signs: what should you know?
Learners driving test questions on signs show a picture and ask what it means. You can answer most of them from the shape and colour alone: red circles forbid or set a rule, blue circles order an action, red triangles warn, and rectangles inform.
Signs people confuse
No entry and no parking look alike at a glance, and so do compulsory keep left and keep left warnings. Practise with the full chart on our traffic signs guide.
Road markings count too
Questions also show lane lines. A continuous line means do not cross or park; a broken line allows crossing with care. A yellow centre line should not be crossed to overtake.
What does a driving exam paper ask about road rules?
A driving exam paper for the learner stage asks how you would behave in common situations: where to drive, when to slow down, who goes first and what to do after an accident. Learn the rules rather than memorising answer keys.
Situations that come up often
Expect questions on junctions, zebra crossings, bends, hills and school zones. The safe choice is almost always the correct one: slow down, give way and do not overtake where you cannot see ahead.
Driving test exam paper wording
The driving test exam paper uses short questions with three or four options. Read every option before you tap.
Learners mock test: can you pass these questions?
This learners mock test has questions written from the central driving regulations and the Motor Vehicles Act. Pick one answer for each, then press the button to see your score and the reason behind every answer.
How to use the mock test
Take it once without notes, then read each explanation. If you score above 80 percent twice, you are ready for the real paper.
What the mock test does not cover
It has no sign pictures, because each state’s bank uses its own images. Pair it with the sign chart and with the state question bank where your RTO publishes one.
LL test questions and answers: which ones do people get wrong?
The LL test questions and answers people miss most are the ones with two reasonable options: passing on the left, right of way at junctions, and the hand signal for slowing down.
Passing on the left
The correct answer is that you may pass on the left only when the vehicle ahead has signalled a right turn and moved to the centre of the road, or when passing a tram. Everywhere else you overtake on the right.
Junctions without signals
At an unregulated junction where neither road is a main road, give way to traffic coming from your right. If one road is marked as a main road, traffic on it goes first.
Learner licence test questions and answers on hand signals
Learner licence test questions and answers on hand signals ask what each right-arm movement means. There are five signals, and every one uses the right arm held outside the driver’s window.
The five signals
| Signal | What the right arm does |
|---|---|
| Slowing down | Out, palm down, moved up and down several times |
| Stopping | Forearm raised upright, palm to the right |
| Turning right | Held straight out, palm facing forward |
| Turning left | Held out and rotated anticlockwise |
| Asking the driver behind to overtake | Held out and swung back and forth in a half circle |
What do LLR test questions ask about overtaking and right of way?
LLR test questions on overtaking ask when it is banned. You must not overtake if it would endanger others, near a bend, corner or hilltop where you cannot see ahead, when someone behind has already started to pass you, or when the driver ahead has not signalled you may pass.
Being overtaken
When another vehicle is passing you, do not speed up or move to block it.
Emergency vehicles and pedestrians
Draw to the side to give an ambulance or fire engine free passage. At an uncontrolled zebra crossing, pedestrians have the right of way, and you may not drive on a footpath or cycle track.
LLR test questions and answers on stop lines and police signals
You must obey a traffic police officer or other authorised person directing traffic, even if the light shows something different.
Stop line rule
When a signal shows stop, no part of your vehicle may cross the stop line, which is at least 50 mm wide and white, black or yellow.
Driving test questions on parking, horns and towing
Driving test questions on parking list places where you may not stop: near a crossing, bend, hilltop or bridge, on a footpath, near a traffic light or zebra crossing, near a bus stop, school or hospital entrance, in front of a fire hydrant, and on the wrong side of the road.
Horn and silence zones
Do not sound the horn needlessly or in a silence zone, and do not fit a multi-tone or shrill horn.
Towing rules in the test
The gap between a towing and a towed vehicle may not exceed 5 metres, the towed vehicle shows ON TOW at the rear, and the towing vehicle may not go faster than 24 km/h.
Learning licence rules: what must a learner follow?
Learning licence rules under rule 3 of the Central Motor Vehicles Rules require a learner to drive only with a person holding a valid licence for that class beside them, and to show the letter L in red on a white plate at the front and rear.
Carry the learner licence
Keep the LL on your phone or as a printout. Police can ask for it.
Penalty for breaking the rules
Driving without a valid licence can attract a fine of up to Rs 5,000 under section 181. See the full list on our driving licence guide.
What does the learners L sign mean?
The learners L sign is a red letter L on a white background, fixed at the front and back of a vehicle driven by someone on a learner licence. It is a legal condition of the learner licence.
Learning symbol on car or bike
On a car, the learning symbol goes on the bonnet or front grille and the boot or rear window. On a two-wheeler, place it at the front mudguard and on the rear number plate area without covering the plate.
Learning L sticker for car: size, colour and placement
A learning L sticker for car must show a red L on a white background so it is clearly visible from the front and rear. Magnetic or adhesive plates are fine if they do not block the number plate or lights.
Size
The central rules set the colours and placement. Confirm with your RTO if your state sets a size.
Can I drive scooty with learning license?
Yes, you can drive a scooty with a learning license if the licence covers the right class (MCWOG for gearless scooters) and you follow the learner conditions. Show the L sign front and rear, wear a helmet, and do not carry a passenger other than a licensed instructor.
Pillion and helmet
Section 128 allows only one person besides the rider on any two-wheeler. Section 129 requires a helmet meeting BIS standards for the rider and pillion in a public place.
Age for a scooty
At 16 you may hold a learner licence only for a motorcycle of up to 50cc engine capacity. Most scooters today have larger engines and need you to be 18.
How to apply for learners licence?
To apply for a learners licence, fill the learner form on Sarathi or at the RTO, attach proof of age and address, pay the fee, and pass the theory test. You need to be 18 for most classes, 16 for a motorcycle of up to 50cc.
Documents you need
Proof of age, proof of address, a recent photograph and a signature, plus a medical certificate in Form 1A where your class needs one. See the documents required for learning license guide for the full list.
Choosing vehicle classes
Tick every class you plan to drive, such as MCWG and LMV. Each class carries its own fee.
How to apply for learner license online?
To apply for a learner license online, open Sarathi, choose your state, select the learner licence option and fill the form with Aadhaar or uploaded documents. Then pay, take the test and download the LL.
- Open Sarathi. Go to sarathi.parivahan.gov.in and choose your state.
- Fill the learner form. Choose the learner licence option, enter your details and pick vehicle classes.
- Upload or verify documents. Use Aadhaar authentication or upload age and address proof, photo and signature.
- Pay the fee. Pay online and save the receipt with the application number.
- Take the test. Book an RTO slot or take the test from home if your state allows it.
- Download the learner licence. Print or download the LL once the result shows Pass.
With or without Aadhaar
With Aadhaar, your name, date of birth and address fill in from the Aadhaar record and many states skip the RTO visit. Without it, you upload documents and visit the RTO.
How to apply for learning driving license online in your state
A few states run their own portals. Telangana books learner slots through its transport department site, and you attend the RTA office at the chosen time.
How to get learner license online without visiting the RTO?
To get a learner license online without an RTO visit, choose the Aadhaar-based option on Sarathi, where your state offers it. You complete the form, pay, watch a road safety video, pass a face match, take the test at home and download the LL.
Which states offer it
Maharashtra started home tests in June 2021 after a March 2021 central notification on Aadhaar authentication. Himachal Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh have since run similar faceless tests.
When you must still visit
Applicants without Aadhaar, those whose face match fails, and some transport classes still go to the RTO for the test.
How to give learners licence test online from home?
To give the learners licence test online, open the test link on Sarathi with your application number and date of birth, watch the tutorial video in full, pass the camera face match, and answer the questions within the time shown.
Set up the room
Sit facing a window or lamp, remove caps and dark glasses, and keep the room quiet. Andhra Pradesh runs it in a locked exam browser with live face checks.
If the test stops midway
A dropped connection or a failed face check can end the session. Contact your RTO with the application number; for the full online route, see our online learning licence test guide.
How to get learning driving licence if you are applying for the first time?
To get a learning driving licence as a first-time applicant, check your age, gather documents, apply on Sarathi, prepare with practice questions, and pass the test.
Plan your week
Day one: apply and pay. Next days: study signs and rules for an hour a day. Test day: arrive early or set up the home test room.
What to do after you pass
Download the LL, fix L plates, and practise with a licensed driver. Note the date 30 days ahead, when you can book the driving test.
RTO online exam: what happens at the computer test?
At an RTO online exam, staff check your documents and photo, seat you at a computer terminal, and you choose a language. The questions appear one at a time with a countdown.
Bring these on the day
Your printed receipt, the original documents you uploaded, and your phone for any OTP.
RTO exam app: which apps help you practise?
An RTO exam app is any app that shows practice questions for the learner test. The official mParivahan app focuses on licence and vehicle records, not practice. Kerala’s MVD Leads app includes a syllabus and practice exam. Private apps exist, but check that their questions match the official rules.
What to look for in an app
Choose one that explains each answer and cites the rule. Avoid apps that ask for payment to unlock the official test or that ask for your Aadhaar number.
RTO mock test vs the real test
Sign pictures may differ in style, and some state banks add local rules such as hill driving.
Use timed practice
Set a timer for 30 seconds per question. Running out of time is a common reason people fail.
Learners licence practice test: how should you prepare?
A learners licence practice test is the best way to prepare, but only after you have studied signs and rules. Practise until you score above 80 percent twice in a row.
A simple study order
Start with sign shapes, then keep left and overtaking, then right of way, then hand signals, and last, parking and towing numbers.
Is the learners test the same in every state?
Some states publish their own question bank on the transport department site. If yours does, practise from it, as the real questions are drawn from it.
License written test: is there still a paper test?
A license written test on paper has almost disappeared; most RTOs use a computer or the home test. A few offices may still use paper or an oral test for applicants who cannot use a computer, such as some e-rickshaw learners in Delhi.
Licence written test for people who cannot read
The RTO can arrange an oral test where the questions are read out.
Driving licence exam: what comes after the learner stage?
The driving licence exam for a permanent licence is a practical test that you can book 30 days after your learner licence is issued and before it expires at six months. An inspector watches you drive.
Booking the driving test
Book the slot on Sarathi with your learner licence number. Bring the same vehicle class you will be tested on, with valid papers.
If the learner licence expires
You need a new learner licence and must take the theory test again, so book the driving test well before six months.
RTO driving licence test day: common reasons for failing
Not checking mirrors, rolling back on a slope, missing signals and touching the track lines lead most failures.
PDF learning licence test questions symbols: is there an official sheet?
People searching for PDF learning licence test questions symbols want the sign chart as a printable file. The official source is the road sign schedule of the Motor Vehicles Act, and some state transport departments publish their question bank as a PDF.
Where to find printable sets
Our learning license test questions PDF page lists printable sets and how to check them, and the LL test questions and answers PDF page covers answer keys.
RTO question paper in Hindi: can you take the test in Hindi?
Yes, an RTO question paper in Hindi is available in most states. On the first test screen you choose the language.
Learning licence test questions in Hindi: where to practise?
For learning licence test questions in Hindi, use our Hindi LL test questions page, which explains the same rules in Hinglish with practice questions.
Driving licence online test in Hindi
The home test on Sarathi also offers a language choice; select Hindi before you start.
RTO exam in English and other languages
An RTO exam in English is offered in every state. Most states also offer the state language, such as Tamil, Marathi, Bengali or Kannada, and the language list appears on the first screen of the test.
Learners test questions English: tips for non-native readers
If English is your second language, learn the key words: overtake, give way, pedestrian, junction, hazard and prohibited.
Gujarati and Malayalam sets
Gujarati learners can use a Gujarati set from the state transport department, and Malayalam readers our learners test questions in Malayalam.
Learners test in Kerala: what changed in 2025?
The learners test in Kerala became longer from October 2025, according to press reports. It now has 30 questions instead of 20, you need 18 correct, and each question allows 30 seconds instead of 15.
Kerala driving learners test: what are the MVD rules?
The Kerala driving learners test still covers signs, road rules and learner duties, and is taken online. Check the MVD Kerala site for the current count, as the figures here come from news reports.
Kerala learners test questions
Kerala learners test questions follow the same central rules, with added questions on safe driving behaviour. Practise with Malayalam or English sets.
Kerala learners mock test: build speed
Do two 30-question sets back to back. If you finish with time to spare and above 18 correct, you are ready.
LLR mock test in Telugu: how does the Telangana learning licence test work?
The Telangana learning licence test is booked through the state transport department’s portal, where you choose a slot and then attend the RTA office. For an LLR mock test in Telugu, use Telugu practice sets; the test screen lets you choose the language.
LLR exam questions in Telugu
LLR exam questions in Telugu cover the same signs and rules. Learn the Telugu terms for keep left, overtake and give way, as these appear most.
What happens if you fail the LLR test?
If you fail the LLR test, you can book again and pay the test fee each time. Some states set a waiting gap. Your application stays open, so you do not need to fill the form again unless it expires.
Fees for a learner licence and test
| Item | Central fee |
|---|---|
| Learner licence, each vehicle class | Rs 150 |
| Learner test or repeat test | Rs 50 |
States may add a service or online charge, and the Sarathi payment screen shows the full amount.
What is the registration receipt after you apply?
The registration receipt is the acknowledgement Sarathi gives after you submit the learner form and pay. It shows your application number, name, state and fee paid, and you need it to book the test and track the application.
License receipt: how do you print the LL fee receipt?
A license receipt can be printed again from Sarathi under the print or reprint receipt option, using the application number and date of birth.
If payment failed
If money was taken but no receipt appears, use the payment verification option on Sarathi after a few hours before paying again.
How do you track an LL application after the test?
To follow an LL application, use the application status option on Sarathi with your application number and date of birth. It shows whether the form, payment, test and approval stages are complete. For vehicle and RTO applications, see our know your application status guide.
What the stages mean
Submitted means the form is saved; fee paid means payment is recorded; test result shows pass or fail; approved means the learner licence is ready.
Check renewal status
For a permanent licence, the same status screen shows renewal progress.
Commercial license: can you take a transport learner licence?
A commercial license in India is a transport vehicle licence for taxis, trucks and buses. You must be 20 years old, and for most classes you need to have held a light motor vehicle licence for at least one year before applying for the transport learner licence.
Commercial vehicle license and the 2024 ruling
The Supreme Court held in November 2024 that an LMV licence holder can drive a transport vehicle with gross weight under 7,500 kg. Heavier commercial vehicle license classes still need a transport licence.
CDL driver license: does India have one?
A CDL driver license is a United States commercial licence. India has no CDL; the equivalent is the transport licence issued by the RTO.
3 wheeler auto rickshaw license online: which learner test applies?
For a 3 wheeler auto rickshaw license online, apply on Sarathi for the three-wheeler transport class and take the same learner test.
E-rickshaw drivers
E-rickshaw and e-cart learners need not hold a licence for one year first, and Delhi lets them take an oral test. See our e-rickshaw licence guide for the full rules.
Age for an auto
Because an auto rickshaw is a transport vehicle, the minimum age is 20.
Two wheeler driving licence fees in West Bengal: what does an LL cost?
Two wheeler driving licence fees in West Bengal follow the central Rule 32 charges: Rs 150 for the learner licence and Rs 50 for the test, plus any state service charge shown on Sarathi. West Bengal licence services, including the learner test, run through Sarathi.
Driving license renewal West Bengal
Driving license renewal in West Bengal is applied for on Sarathi under the renewal option for the state, with a medical certificate for applicants above 40.
License cancellation: when can a learner or driving licence be cancelled?
License cancellation happens when the licensing authority disqualifies or revokes a licence under section 19 of the Motor Vehicles Act, for reasons such as habitual offences, drunk driving or obtaining the licence by fraud. A learner licence can also be cancelled if the conditions are broken.
Licence cancellation of your own application
If you want to withdraw a learner application before the test, ask the RTO.
Suspension for traffic offences
A Supreme Court road safety committee directed at least three months suspension for offences such as red-light jumping and using a mobile phone while driving.
PCB license and pollution license: what do these searches mean?
A PCB license is a consent from a State Pollution Control Board for industries under the Water Act, 1974 and the Air Act, 1981. A pollution license search usually means the vehicle PUC certificate.
Vehicle pollution certificate
Every vehicle needs a valid Pollution Under Control certificate. See our PUC certificate guide.
Official links
Sarathi: learner licence servicessarathi.parivahan.gov.in ↗Parivahan Sewaparivahan.gov.in ↗Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 (India Code)indiacode.nic.in ↗Kerala Motor Vehicles Departmentmvd.kerala.gov.in ↗Learning license test questions questions
How many questions are in the learner licence test?
Most states set 15 multiple-choice questions on the Sarathi computer test. Kerala moved to 30 questions in October 2025. The screen tells you the count before you start.
What is the pass mark for the LL test?
You need 60 percent: 9 of 15 in most states, or 18 of 30 in Kerala. The result appears on screen as soon as you finish.
Are the questions the same in every state?
The topics are the same because they come from central rules. The question bank, the order and the language options vary by state.
Can I take the learner test in Hindi?
In most states you can choose Hindi, English or the state language on the test screen. Pick the language on the first screen before you begin.
How long is each question shown?
About 30 seconds in most states. If time runs out, the question is treated as unanswered and the next one appears.
Do I need an eye test before the learner test?
Applicants declare their fitness in the form, and some classes need a medical certificate in Form 1A. See the eye test guide for details.
Can I drive alone on a learner licence?
Not a car. Rule 3 of the central rules needs a licensed person beside you and an L plate front and rear. Two-wheeler learners should not carry passengers other than an instructor.
What happens if I fail twice?
You can book again and pay the Rs 50 test fee each time. Some states make you wait before the next attempt, so check the slot screen.
Does the learner test have practical driving?
No. The learner test is a theory test on a computer or phone. The practical driving test comes later, for the permanent licence.
Can a 16 year old take the learner test?
Yes, but only for a motorcycle of up to 50cc engine capacity, under section 4 of the Motor Vehicles Act. Other classes need age 18, and transport vehicles 20.
Parivahan Sewa (parivahansewa-in.com) is an independent information website and is not affiliated with MoRTH, Parivahan or any state transport department. Confirm fees and rules on the official portal before you pay or apply.